Matrix materials play a critical role in restorative dentistry, affecting both the patient experience and the outcome of a procedure. They enable teeth to be reconstructed with natural contours and contact points to restore their function, look, and feel.
Dental matrices are thin, flexible bands or strips that hold and shape the restorative material to help re-form the walls of a tooth. They also ensure that the spaces between the teeth, the interproximal/interdental contacts, are restored. Rebuilding this natural tooth-to-tooth contact relationship is critical for protecting the surrounding tissue and preventing food from accumulating between teeth, which can lead to gum disease.
In this article, we will discuss the role of matrix materials in restorative dentistry, explore the different types of matrices, and look at the latest innovations that offer improved adaptation and patient comfort.
Dental matrices have many functions, both for the preservation of the patient’s oral health and their smile, including:
There are many different matrix systems available. Some matrices need a matrix holder or retainer, while others do not. Typically made of metal or plastic, the matrix band chosen must be compatible with the restorative material used. It should be able to contour and adapt and not cause excessive gapping between teeth. To optimize adaptation, matrix wedges and burnishers can be used to help press the matrix band more firmly against the tooth and prevent gaps. Most notably, the band must remain in place but be easy to remove without also removing the restorative material.
The two most common matrix systems are sectional and circumferential. Both systems have their advantages and disadvantages. Circumferential matrices surround the tooth and help establish contact areas while shaping and containing the dental material. Sectional matrices, on the other hand, are often seen as achieving more precise anatomical shape and tighter contacts between the restoration and adjacent teeth, but there is potential for matrix distortion.
Matrix holders, such as the universal Tofflemire matrix retainer, achieve accurate adaptation and natural tooth anatomy using circumferential matrix techniques. This system enables convenient placement, adjustment, and trimming of bands. With customized fitting angles, secure locking, and quick release, it is efficient and great for patient comfort, while the autoclavable design promotes hygienic practices.
There are also disposable matrix band systems, which offer excellent performance for dental restorations, such as SafeMatrix Bands. This innovative system guarantees circumferential isolation of the tooth for increased visibility over the work area and enhanced marginal adaptation of the restorative materials. With a variety of band dimensions, this system enables a customized, comfortable solution for each patient and tightens contact points even with minimal tooth structure.
Additionally, self-contained matrix bands, such as brass or stainless steel T-shaped bands, do not require a matrix holder. The adaptable metals provide superb circumferential isolation for clear visibility of the procedural field. Their flexibility enables precise adaptation to marginal areas, and their ability to custom-fit each patient, whether adult or pediatric, maximizes comfort.
A sectional system ring kit, such as the Contact Matrix System can provide detailed restoration of the natural anatomy of teeth. Patient comfort is also improved by easing access to hard-to-reach areas, and the open “V” design simplifies wedge placement. Featuring a combination of rings, matrices, and pliers, this system facilitates accurate adaptation to natural contours and works with a wide range of dental materials.
Another excellent sectional matrix kit option is the Premier X5 System. It includes everything needed to produce accurate Class 2 composite restorations with smooth contours and perfect interproximal contact every time. Featuring a universal ring that is autoclavable up to five times, plus matrices, wedges, and pliers, this kit ensures attractive, natural-looking teeth with properly restored function.
Restorations are an important part of patient care, which is why today’s dental practitioners are always exploring the latest materials and techniques. Matrix materials play a critical role in restorative dentistry for creating beautiful, natural contours, ensuring healthy tooth functionality, and giving patients good reason to smile again.